Education & Training:
Wittenberg University, 1977, B.A. in Biology & East Asian Studies
Case Western Reserve University, 1983, D.D.S in Dentistry
University of Michigan, 1991, M.P.H in Dental Public Health
University of Michigan, 1992, Certificate in Residency, Dental Public Health
University of Michigan, 1996, Dr.P.H. in Epidemiology, Oral Diseases
American Board of Dental Specialties Certification in Dental Public Health, 1998
Research Interests:
As a dentist scientist, my current research focuses on localized defective or disordered tooth enamel (DDE). These defects in the enamel structure of the tooth can increase the risk for dental treatment especially for the young child’s primary dentition. In general, tooth enamel does not remodel and therefore serves as a record of exposures during its development. Because the enamel for a child’s two front primary teeth mineralizes from about 12 weeks’ gestation though a few weeks after birth, we recognized a dental research opportunity for the maternal and early infancy data from an ongoing randomized and controlled trial (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy (Co-PI’s Hollis BW & Wagner CL). The RCT data collection period coincided with the mineralization time of the child’s two front teeth, and also the clinical and behavioral data were pertinent to the child’s tooth enamel formation. When the children were aged 2 years or older, we made photographs of their two front teeth which were later scored for DDE. With this combined dataset we employed Bayesian methodology (Lawson AB and doctoral students Miller CS, Fan S, Keller EP) to model the predictors with temporal and spatial (location on the teeth) significance. Our goal is to identify potentially modifiable maternal and infant exposures that occur during pregnancy through early infancy that influence localized enamel defects. The Department of Pediatrics and Charles P. Darby Children’s Research Institute have provided unique opportunities for productive collaboration. I am committed to the conduct of clinical studies that can provide evidence for action to improve the public’s dental health.
Highlight Publications:
1. Davis S, Lyles E, Shary JR, Ebeling M, Reed SG, Baatz JE, Hollis BW, Wagner CL. Post hoc analysis of National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Vitamin-D pregnancy cohort and the role of functional Vitamin-D deficiency in pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2024 May;41(S 01):e2098-e2105. doi: 10.1055/a-2097-2098. Epub 2023 May 22. PMID: 37216969
2. Keller EP, Lawson AB, Wagner CL, Reed SG. Bayesian modeling of spatially differentiated multivariate enamel defects of the children's primary maxillary central incisor teeth. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024;24(1):88. PMID: 38622506, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11017560
3. Reed SG, Fan S, Wagner CL, Lawson AB. Predictors of developmental defects of enamel in primary maxillary central incisors using Bayesian model selection. Caries Res 2024;58(1):30-38. PMID: 37918363, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10922907
4. Reed SG, Miller CS, Wagner CL, Hollis BW, Lawson AB. Toward preventing enamel hypoplasia: Modeling maternal and neonatal biomarkers of human calcium homeostasis. Caries Res 2020;54:55-67. PMID: 31665727; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7299520
5. Wagner CL, Hulsey TC, Ebeling M, Shary JR, Asghari G, Howard CR, Baatz JE, Newton DA, Wahlquist AE, Reed SG, Taylor SN, Lawrence RA, Hollis BW. Safety aspects of a randomized clinical trial of maternal and infant vitamin D Supplementation by feeding type through 7 months postpartum. Breastfeed Med 2020 Dec;15(12):765-775. PMID: 32915638, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7757584
6. Hajizadeh S, Shary JR, Reed SG, Wagner CL. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its risk factors in pregnant women and their newborns in the Middle East: A systematic review. Int J of Reproductive BioMed 2019;17:685-708, PMID: 31807718, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6844283
7. Reed SG, Voronca D, Wingate JS, Murali M, Lawson AB, Hulsey TC, Ebeling MD, Hollis BW, Wagner CL. Prenatal vitamin D and enamel hypoplasia in human primary maxillary central incisors: a pilot study. Pediatr Dent J 2017;27:21-28, PMID: 30100673, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6086375
8. Williams S, Browne B, Reed S, Taylor S, Summer A, Kanter J. Prevalence of Sickle Cell Disease among Newborns in St Vincent and the Grenadines: A Retrospective Study. West Indian Med J. 2017;66(4):486-490. PMID: 39319302, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11421411
9. Williams SA, Browne-Ferdinand B, Smart Y, Morella K, Reed SG, Kanter J. Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease in St. Vincent and the Grenadines: Results of a Pilot Newborn Screening Program. Glob Pediatr Health. 2017;4:2333794X1773919. PMID: 29147675, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5672988
10. Reed SG, Wahlquist AE. Adults With Oral High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and/or Smoking History Have a Higher Risk for Clinically Diagnosed Oral Premalignant Lesions. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2015 Sep;15(3):134-6. PMID: 26337588, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5023138
11. Reed SG, Manz MC, Snipe SM, Ohshima M, Wagner CL. Feasibility study of a salivary occult blood test to correlate with periodontal measures as indicators of periodontal inflammation in a population of pregnant women. J Oral Science 2015;57:55-58, PMID: 25807909, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4519090
12. Reed SG, Cunningham JE, Latham TN, Shirer SC, Wagner CL. Maternal oral mutans streptococci (MS) status, not breastfeeding, predicts predentate infant oral MS status. Breastfeeding Med 2014;9:446-449. PMID: 25290343, PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4216516